Journalists and media advocates are concerned that a new law in Kosovo could give the government greater control.
The new law seeks to license online media, give the Independent Media Commission, or IMC, power to monitor news websites, and increase the number of politically appointed members of the body, which is responsible for the regulation, management and oversight of the broadcasting frequency spectrum in the Republic of Kosovo.
The law includes hefty fines for the media that violate the law, ranging from $215 to $43,000. However, the legislation does not provide details of how the fines will be applied, according to the Media Freedom Rapid Response, which monitors conditions for the media.
First adopted by the Kosovo government in December, the law passed earlier in July, despite criticism. Two opposition parties have said they will refer the case to the Constitutional court.
Among the concerns is the increase in IMC members, all of whom are political appointees. With the Vetevendosje party holding the majority, the expansion has led to concerns that the IMC could come under political influence.
The government has pushed back against criticism. It says that it is seeking only to reform the media landscape.
The chair of the parliamentary committee on media, Valon Ramadani, has previously said the law does not “infringe the independence of media” and described it as an effort to align the country’s media laws with the EU standards.
Critics however say the law could allow for government overreach and expand the authority and the control of the IMC.
The chair of Association of Journalists of Kosovo, Xhemalj Rexha, says the law threatens the plurality of the media in Kosovo.
“This ability to allow many voices to be heard, especially among the Albanian-language media, is an added value, and Kosovo should be proud of it,” Rexha said during an event in Kosovo titled “Regulation or a Threat to the Media Freedom.”
“This is an attempt, among other things, to discourage the media from doing their job through these fines.”
Ardita Zejnullahu from the Association of Independent Electronic Media of Kosovo, also spoke on the panel.
He said the fines and the planned expansion of the Independent Media Commission were the main challenges.
“For a cable operator, a fine of 40,000 euros is negligible. But for a radio, a television or web-based media, which also fall under the Commission’s jurisdiction according to this law, it means their closure,” said Zejnullahu.
“The law does not define the sanctions or the type of violations that will be sanctioned. There is no distinction made between administrative, ethical or technical violations, and they remain at the discretion of the members of the Commission to determine.”
A group of watchdogs, including the Media Freedom Rapid Response, released a statement citing “alarm” over the law.
“Critics have seen the proposed legislation as an attack on the media, expressing worries that the ruling party may use this law to censor them. Now, [with these] risks becoming a reality, with potentially dire consequences for media freedom and independence,” said the statement.
Kosovo ranks 75 out of 180 on the World Press Freedom Index. Reporters Without Borders, which compiles the index, says that while the country is doing well in some areas, journalists can still be the target of political attacks.
