The quiet resumption of operations at a desalination plant in the Gaza Strip last month marked a small but significant step toward restoring public services in the Palestinian territory ravaged by more than 14 months of war.
The process of restarting the plant in Deir el-Balah, in central Gaza, involved both Israeli and Palestinian stakeholders who could have a hand in the territory’s future, especially amid renewed hopes for a ceasefire in recent days.
While its reopening has had a limited tangible impact so far, diplomats close to the project suggest it could offer a tentative road map for Gaza’s postwar administration.
Since being reconnected to Israel’s electricity grid, the station has been producing about 16,000 cubic meters of water per day, according to UNICEF.
It serves more than 600,000 Gaza residents through tankers or the networks of Deir el-Balah and Khan Younis governorates in central and southern Gaza, respectively.
“Its production capacity remains limited in the face of immense needs,” an official within the Palestinian Energy and Natural Resources Authority told AFP.
Residents of the devastated Palestinian territory have struggled since the early days of the war between Israel and Hamas to secure even basic necessities, including food and clean water.
The WASH Cluster, which brings together humanitarian organizations in the water sector, reports that distribution of water has become very complex in Gaza.
The pipelines transporting water have been damaged, leaving Gazans, many of whom are living in makeshift shelters after being displaced by bombardments, without any means of storing the essential resource.
Three plants
The plant is one of three such seawater processing facilities in the Gaza Strip, which before the war met around 15% of the 2.4 million residents’ needs.
In the months following the outbreak of war, sparked by the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, the plant operated at minimal capacity, relying on solar panels and generators amid a persistent scarcity of fuel in Gaza.
It could fully resume operations only after reconnecting to one of the power lines supplied by Israel, which charges the Palestinian Authority for the electricity.
UNICEF, which provides technical support for the Deir el-Balah plant, indicated in late June that it had reached an agreement with Israel to restore electricity to the plant.
Subsequently, COGAT, a division of Israel’s defense ministry overseeing civilian affairs in the Palestinian territories, announced that the desalination plant had been reconnected to the Israeli grid.
But the line meant to supply the plant was heavily damaged.
“It took five months to repair the line from Kissufim” in Israel, said Mohammed Thabet, spokesman for Gaza’s electricity company. “These are emergency, temporary solutions.”
Several diplomatic sources told AFP that the episode showed the Palestinian Authority proved it was in a position to have a hand in the future governance of Gaza, as its institutions were fixing the electricity line on the ground, coordinating with all actors.
The authority aims to play a central role in postwar Gaza, seeking to strengthen its influence in the territory after it was significantly weakened when Hamas took control in 2007.
An Israeli security source told AFP that the Israeli partners involved had acted on “instructions from the political echelons,” and that the project was part of an effort to prevent an outbreak of disease, which could endanger the lives of hostages still held in Gaza.
When Hamas militants attacked Israel last year, they abducted about 250 hostages, of whom about 100 are still held in Gaza, including the more than 30 who the Israeli military says are dead.
Israel “facilitated the connection of the electric line specifically to the desalination plant,” the source said, adding that a mechanism was in place to track usage to “prevent electricity from being stolen.”
Israeli authorities’ cooperation on the plant’s reopening comes soon after it agreed to work with a U.N.-led polio vaccination drive, pausing its bombing campaign in Gaza in areas where children were receiving the doses.
